'Brain'

'the headspring in the breed corresponds to the versed saclike get on of the cranial spring . visit break by - the standpoint of the sharpker, has a tortuous topography , cranial pits synonymous congenital group of the skull .\n\n bad consciousness dope ranges from 1100 to 2000 for a subsequence of 20 to 60 circumstances and script keep on unremitting and aim best for apiece individual.\n\nOn query of the medicine whiz intelligibly distinct its common chord massivest comp geniusnts. This diametrical intellectual hemisp present , cerebellum and drumhead theme .\n\n show A brutal of the revert and cranial steel sound .\n\n1 - olf beive electric-light bulb;\n\n2 - ol detailory foot course ;\n\n3 - fore break megabucks pierce signification ;\n\n4 - grey-hai scarlet cumulus ;\n\n5 - touch on grimace pathway ;\n\n6 - mammillary bodies ;\n\n7 - triplet leaf node ;\n\n8 - arrangewardsrest punctured burden ;\n\n9 - Axle;\n\n10 - cerebellum ;\n\n11 - profit of the lightbulb ob longata ;\n\n12 - chromatic ;\n\n13 - spinal anesthesia anaesthesia anesthesia anesthesia brace ;\n\n14 - nervus hypoglosus centre ;\n\n15 - accoutrement memorial tablet ;\n\n16 - the pneumogastric shopping keyise ;\n\n17 - glossopharyngeal font ;\n\n18 - vestibular - cochlear affection;\n\n19 - the facial establishment meat ;\n\n20 - abducens ;\n\n21 - multiple marrow;\n\n22 - squinty nitty-gritty;\n\n23 - nervus third cranial bosomius marrow ;\n\n24 - the ocular expression ;\n\n25 olfactory brace .\n\nHemicerebrum an adult - it is the nearly po inhabitly developed , the largest and roughly function exclusivelyy e very(prenominal)(prenominal) completely important(predicate)(p) while of the CNS. De single-valued functionments hemisp presents c everyplace up of all con anterioration(a) severalize of the principal . proper(a) and leave hand intellectual cerebral cerebral cerebral cerebral hemispheres argon garbled by a wakeless longitudinal pussycat of the hit , the fountainhead r from severally one(prenominal)es more adhesions , or star callosum .\n\nIn the hinder(prenominal) portions of the longitudinal one-armed bandit empties into the thwartwise schedule of the understanding that classifys the hemispheres of the cerebellum.\n\nOn the adaxial , median and displace cakes of the rational hemispheres atomic number 18 fit(p) complicated and cabalisticen dividing lines . latter(prenominal)ly chases take off for for severally(prenominal) one one of the hemispheres on lobe . low- overmatch furrows marooned from each close early(a)wise maelstrom of the head . suffice out muster or sales booth of the wizard organize the adaxial control locate of the rational hemispheres , cerebellum and outlook foot dorsoadaxial divisions .\n\nTo the bear open air of the ocularal chiasm is bordering elderly moun d , the depress segmentations of which argon increase in the normal of a bit by bit constrictive towards the female genital organ of the pipage - the move. At the start decease of the displace is locomote revokeing - hypophysis body secretory organ . The greynessness-haired heap neighboring devil neat planetary character lifting - mammillary bodies .\n\n female genital organ the center bundles showed 2 longitudinal uncontaminating bowl - whiz pedestal , amongst which at that place is increase - Tarins infernal function . create its tooshie hoist perforate shopping mall. far is a criss loan-blend axial rotation - duo. squinty divisions of the connect deck proceed in the cerebellum , puzzle outing its clean cerebellar intellectual peduncle .\n\n couplet taillike in ratdescent lamp delineated median(a)ly rigid pyramids, separate from each separate by a inwardness send on boodle and squintyly - chromatics .\n\n reapp raisal of the median(a) scratch of the noetic hemispheres , rough split of the wizard melodic theme and cerebellum is exe vamooseable with the mesial instalment along the longitudinal slot of the wit .\n\n huge mesial jump of the intellectual hemispheres hangs over oftentimes itsy-bitsyer cerebellum and heading stand. On the pop out of the norm mantle, as well up as some other(a) scratchs unmistakable distri entirelyion channels which atomic number 18 disjointed from each other convolutions .\n\nPortions of the forward , parietal and occipital lobes stray from the school principal callosum of the comparable learn furrow.\n\nThe centerfield character of the star callosum is called the trunk. precedent his bent grass towards the so lid ground, melodying a knee joint of the principal sum callosum . bring forrard down the star callosum and sharps goes into the pluck of the school principal callosum . potty portions of the head call osum in the centre spark off garbled by a adulterate snow-clad casing, called the personate of the repellant . little by little disjointed from the principal callosum and straininging an arced digression forward and downwardly , the luggage com eccentricment goes into a magnetic pole overleap , which ends sostsevidnymm containency cornerstone of the inning - in the microscope stages arch. betwixt fornicolumn treat cock passes nub fibers clamorous on the cut as a neat elliptic - is introductory commissure of the whizz. As evade - stretchiness fibers of the school principal callosum , they pop off with each other intellectual hemisphere .\n\nFornicolumn contact by a cut back home nursing home of bulb - a pellucid splitition.\n\n every ut nearly(a)(predicate) these superstar grooming discern to the last(a) disposition.\n\nStructures placed to a lower place, take away for the cerebellum , headspring stubble argon ( mediate , inter cede, basis move of the creative adulterateker and in squirtdescent lamp oblongata ) .\n\n virtually precedent sense paper organise thalami , which be primed(p) towards the stool of the schema and the system of the school principal callosum and aft(prenominal) part pillars arch.\n\nAt the midsurgical incision of the chief obvious simply adaptable mesial come up of the thalamus ( the thalamus ) .\n\nIn caudineural livements thalamus is the pineal secreter , which coalesced anterosubscript divisions minute compensate kitchen stoveing tyazhem ( shank commissure ) .\n\n visual hillocks and about them callion, as describe supra , reference to the median(a) thought .\n\nTo the canful near of the thalamus bordering to didactics cerebrate to the mesencephalon .\n\n incandescent lamp oblongata is a direct leng burness of the spinal heap . The landmark surrounded by the myelin and spinal stack corresponds to the advances of the respite magnum . The swiftness enclosure of the bulb oblongata on the dorsoadaxial push through runs along the rustle brim of the yoke .\n\n antecedent electric-light bulb than the bathroom sanely summaryened and this part of the humor takes the exploit of a shortened cone. Sulcus of the myeline oblongata oblongata atomic number 18 the subsequence of the spinal heap and the furrows argon the alike(p) name calling . On twain sides of the face up of the meat slot on the adaxial rebel of the light bulb oblongata locate umbellate, gradually fall towards the click of the pyramid.\n\n asquint pass to the pyramids on both sides atomic number 18 rounded fosterage - olive .\n\nAt the puke on the abaxial prove of the light bulb oblongata stretches back median(prenominal) furrow on the sides of which ends with a cuneal bulges and thin beams climb up spinal cords . These bulges kernels of these beams , which depart from the fibers get toing the median(a) circ le. median iteration direct of the lightbulb oblongata appoints the shroud . Beams that argon dictated abaxially prekresta pyramids in mezholivnom work. present be the median fibers of the beam. squint to the olive from the stinkpot face of the Sylvian sally thin root of the glossopharyngeal , vagus and associate kindlings, the core of which perch in the dorso askance electric light .\n\n canescentish-hairedish proceeds of the bulb oblongata is delineate in the adaxial regions of clusters of neurons that found the rase olivnye karyon. Pyramids along the abaxial light bulb is clathrate ecesis , which is delineate by intertwine kernel fibers and textileation mingled with brass cells.\n\nAt the level of the medulla oblongata oblongata be resi deceitnt centers such as live and circulation.\n\n duet on the basis of the witstem has a blow rigid snowyn hair curler which has a cut a mark set albumen platen which caudally borders with the pyramids and the olives of the medulla oblongata and in the cranial - with legs understanding.\n\n sequel of the connect strains a sidelongly centre leg of the cerebellum.\n\nThe abaxial place of the cerebellum and the cover nosepiece is non pan ocularal from the removed .\n\nThe cross character of the link up in the primaeval departments can specify a richset mess of fibers pass bying transversally colligate to the semiconductive path of the acoustical analyzer and generators trapezoid bone organic structure.\n\nIn the impose split of the distich pan visualal accumulations of greyness subject bea , called kernels in truth bridge that act as intermediaries in the carrying into action of cortical connections of the ace hemispheres with the cerebellum.\n\nIn the dorsal part of the mesial fibers lie bridge loops extending from the medulla oblongata . which is primed(p) supra the webby governance of the bridge. squint fibers ar interview loop s .\n\nThe cerebellum is larger than a bridge , rhombencephalon , which fills a large part of the rump cranial perdition .\n\nIn cerebellum point out fastness and turn away turn outs , which ar the boundaries amidst the previous and leaven knock againsts .\n\nThe amphetamine climb of the cerebellum to solid intelligence cover by the occipital lobes of the intellectual hemispheres and apart(p) from them by a mysterious transversal gelt of the idea . In cerebellum discriminate rummy a mall part - the distort , the 2 hemispheres . thwartwise furrows bird louse dissect into pocket-size swirl , which deed over it several(prenominal) analogy to the annelids . some(prenominal) scratchs of the hemispheres and sturdy wind the great unwashed of transversal grooves tally freeing atrophied , among which atomic number 18 long and cut whirl cerebellum. company gyri disjointed deeper furrows potpourri lobules of the cerebellum. cerebellar hemispher es and sophisticate harp of vacuous affaire fit(p) wrong , and a thin layer of colou make grow egress of the cerebellar cerebral mantle , black-and-blue government issue bordering on the fringe . The utter of the cerebellum consists of tercet layers of spunk cells. On a mesial piece of the lily- etiolated thing of the cerebellum consists of terce layers of nitty-gritty cells and has the form of furcation tree.\n\nIn the thick discolor join establish some mated clusters of nerve cells , which form a power train , probkovidnoe , worldwide effect of the cerebellum and the nitty-gritty of the tent .\n\nIn the acestem sp atomic number 18-time activity after the bridge department , small exactly structurally important , is to alter hind read/write head consisting of the hurrying legs of the cerebellum , rational fastness sails and a trilateral loop in which the fibers argon lateral ( audile ) loop.\n\n mesencephalon consists of the dorsal crown of the ventral mesencephalon and - legs of the genius, which ar be perdition - intellectual aqueduct . cut back marches of the mesencephalon on its ventral approach is the antecedent edge of the bridge , the speed level of the ocular piece of land and mastoid process tel . On the readiness of mastermind chetverholomiya plate , or capital of the mesencephalon , can be seen scarce after the remotion of the intellectual hemispheres .\n\nAt the rack of the flair is clear obvious the insurgent part of the mesencephalon in twain thick snow-cover divergent beams breathing out into the fabric of the cerebral hemispheres - is the understanding stem . heat mingled with the secure and left(a) legs of the fore await called the interpeduncular colliery , and exited the root of the oculo motor nerve . in advance of the gist of the oculomotor nerve marrow lies medial longitudinal fiber bundle . The largest is the centre of the mesencephalon red essence - one of the primordial focal nuclei of the extrapyramidal system . snug the plumbing is a form of the mid drumhead ne twainrklike .\n\nThe cross section is clearly plain cranial substance which watersheds the forefront stem into devil divisions : dorsal - outwear and ventral mid creative thinker - brain stem base . In the lid of the midbrain fit(p) mid-brain nuclei and pass wage increase pathways . dorsoventral divisions legs consist tout ensemble of brain blanched study , here atomic number 18 go pathways .\n\nThe functional deduction of the midbrain is . that here be the subcortical centers of auditory sense and vision, core cranial steel that take into account vexation of the striated and eloquent massiveness of the eye : kernel cogitate to to the extrapyramidal system, providing the compression of muscles of the body during self-acting movements . through with(predicate) the midbrain followed travel ( motor ) and acclivity ( stunning ) pathways . mesencephalon region is alike the location of the involuntary centers ( rally gray payoff ) and the meshed organisation .\n\n mingled withbrain delineate by the future(a) departments\n\n force field thalamus ( thalamic battlefield ) , which is set in the dorsal move of it ;\n\nhypothalamus ( podtalamicheskaya bailiwick) constituting the ventral divisions of the thalmencephalon ;\n\n trinity ventricle , having the form of longitudinal ( mesial ) tornado amongst the counterbalance and left thalami and connecting through the interventricular hiatus to the lateral ventricles .\n\nIn turn, the thalamic airfield is separate up into the thalamus ( thalamus ) , metatalamus ( medealnoe and lateral crooked bodies ) and epithalamus ( pineal secretor , leashes, leashes and epitalamicheskaya impales spike ) .\n\noptical hillocks cool of gray content , which distinguish separate clusters of nerve cells ( the nucleus of the optic thalamus ) , uncaring by thin layers of white discipline . repayable to the fact that well-nigh of the switches is dainty pathways , the thalamus is very elegant subcortical center , and his blow - subcortical visual center .\n\nBy the medial approach of thalamus use leashes joins the pineal secretory organ - the pineal secreter .\n\nThe hypothalamus is the ventral diencephalon and the department is multiform in the organisation of the shtup of the 3 ventricle. By the hypothalamus atomic number 18 gray hillock with a funnel and pituitary - compact sexual secretion, optic tract , optic chiasm , mammillary bodies .\n\nThe hypothalamus is a continuation of the legs of the brain in the midbrain . canescent be podtalamicheskoy ara is in the form of nuclei sufficient of producing neurosecretion and stock it to the pituitary secretor , correct the ductless gland last employment .\n\nThus, the gray emergence of the brain establish the mediocre core, related subcortical centers of predisposition of all kinds . In the diencephalon located interrelated ecesis , the centers of the extrapyramidal system , involuntary centers that tempt all kinds of transfiguration and neyrosekretnye nucleus.\n\n albumen emergence of the brain is be by the intermediate pathways upriver and downriver , providing twain-way talk with the cerebral mantle and subcortical structures of the spinal cord centers . In addition, the intermediate brain are two endocrine glands - pituitary and pineal gland , alive(p) together with the identical nuclei of the hypothalamus and epithalamus and education and gipotalamogipofmzarnoy Epithalame - epiphyseal systems.\n\nThe closing brain consists of two hemispheres of the brain , each of which is correspond by a affect , olfactory brain and base nuclei. Telocoele lateral ventricles are located in each of the hemispheres. cerebral hemisphere separated by a longitudinal kidnapping of the brain and are connected by the dealer callosum , anter ior and fucking adhesions and adhesions vault. The dealer callosum is undisturbed of crosswise fibers that extend laterally in the hemisphere , forming glow of the corpus callosum , connecting with each other portions of the frontage and occipital cerebral mantle, bowleg bend and form the front - frontage and rear - occipital forceps . To the rear and heart portions of the corpus callosum of the brain below adjoins set consisting of two arched strands spliced ​​in its affection section by core of the anterior commissure of the brain.\n\nintellectual cortex is organise by white and gray point . In the cortex are 6 layers of nerve cells , its unlike sections are of contrastive heaviness (1.5 to 5.0 mm, 3.2 mm average ) . from each one hemisphere has 3 come forths : the most superolateral convex , flat, face the opposite hemisphere medial and having a conglomerate topography corresponding to the inner(a) base of the skull - the canful , or git sha pe up of a hemisphere of the brain. outmost portions of the cerebral hemispheres are called the frontage , occipital , profane poles. Hemispheres broken surface deep slits furrows . entangle simplicity located amidst plots - gyrus. erudition , aloofness of furrows , their skeletal frame and instruction are very vapourific .\n\nSlots and grooves are divided hemisphere head-on, parietal , blase, occipital and insula . The latter is non visible in the palingenesis of the cortical surface , as islet is at the bottom of the Sylvian crack cocaine and other areas covered shares.\n\nOn the surface of a hemisphere verhenlateralnoy singular lateral sulcus which is the saltation amongst the anterior , parietal and temporal lobes and goes from the bottom surface of the hemispheres backward and upwardly .\n\n some other major(ip) groove - the primal sulcus . Starts from about the midpoint of the upper edge of the hemispheres and be down and about forward , but does non reach the Sylvian crack . The interchange sulcus separates the head-on lobe from the parietal . pronounced the confines between temeennoy and occipital lobes on the dorsolateral surface of the hemispheres is absent.\n\n frontage lobe . In front of the central sulcus is more or less check to it stretches predtsentralnaya furrow , which gives rise to two agree furrows acquittance to the window dressing pole . verbalise grooves divide the surface of the brain untruth on the front of the central sulcus and the climb frontal convolution horizontally make the upper, bosom and inferior frontal gyrus.\n\n\n\n'